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ANXIETY, DEPRESSION AND COPING STRATEGIES: IMPROVING THE EVALUATION AND THE UNDERSTANDING OF THESE DIMENSIONS DURING PRE-ADOLESCENCE AND ADOLESCENCE

Margarida Gaspar de Matos* (a), Gina Toméa, Ana Inês Borgesa, Dina Mansoa, Paula Ferreira (b), Aristides Ferreiraa (c)
(a) Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
(b) University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
(c) Minho University, Minho, Portugal

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate and refine three different scales which measure depression, anxiety and coping strategies. The relation between these scales is also verified in a non-clinical school population of pre-adolescents and adolescents. Lastly, the moderating effects of age, gender, grade failure and family type are tested. This study used depression, anxiety and coping strategy scales to check moderating effects. The sample consisted of 916 Portuguese pupils, 54.3% females, aged 10 to 22 (M = 14, 44). The participants were randomly selected from the 5th to the 12th grades of public schools. The CDI (Kovacs, 1981), the MASC (March, 1997) and the CRY-Y (Moos, 1993) were used. Scales revealed a good internal consistency and suggested that girls are more anxious than boys are and that older students are more depressed, but use more coping strategies than younger learners. A set of exploratory factorial analyses (EFA) was then carried out with the objective of getting the most representative factor from the anxiety (MASC), the depression /CDI) and the coping (CRY-Y) scales. Reduced scales were identified and they strongly correlated with the previous measures, but better differentiate between a set of moderators. A confirmatory model (CPA) was carried out. Also, adjustment indexes suggested a good fit for the model, but consider both genders separately and the two age groups independently. An analysis of the items retained provided suggestions for school based interventions.

Keywords: anxiety, depression, coping, adolescents, schools

Pages: 169-184

Jan 10, 2010admin
A REVIEW OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GROUP COGNITIVELY ENHANCED BEHAVIORAL BASED PARENT PROGRAMS DESIGNED FOR REDUCING DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR IN CHILDRENCLUSTERS OF BEHAVIORS AND BELIEFS PREDICTING ADOLESCENT DEPRESSION: IMPLICATIONS FOR PREVENTION
Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies

Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies

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irrational beliefsrebtcbtcognitive-behavioral therapydistressEditorialcognitive restructuringappraisalschemasautism spectrum disordersbinary model of distresshypnosisrational emotive behavior theoryconversion disorderpositive illusionsautismrational anticipation techniqueattributionsincompatible information techniquecognitive psychologydevelopmenttheory of mindcommunicationearly interventiontoddlersneural structuresdeficitsfunctional and dysfunctional emotionsthe Attitudes and Belief Scale 2unitary model of distressarousalfunctional and dysfunctional negative emotionsmind reading beliefseating behavioursmental healthirrational and rational beliefspre-goal/ post-goal attainment positive emotionsdysfunctional consequencesimpairmentcore relational themeswithdrawal motivational systemsapproach motivational systemsdysfunctional positive emotionspreferencesdemandingness
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